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2008, vol. 53, br. 1, str. 71-78
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Potrošnja energije u objektima zaštićenog prostora
Energy consumption for different greenhouses' structures
Univerzitet u Beogradu, Poljoprivredni fakultet, Srbija
Projekat: Projekat Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TP 6918: Optimal technology and technical solutions for market orientated plant production
Sažetak
Obzirom da je proizvodnja u zaštićenom prostoru grana poljoprivrede sa najvećom potrošnjom energije i najvišim godišnjim troškovima, proizvođačima se na tržištu nude različiti oblici konstrukcije, pre svega konstrukcije tunel tipa u varijantama sa jednostrukom i dvostrukom folijom, kao ekonomski i energetski najefikasniji. U radu su analizirani, sa aspekta potrošnje energije, najčešće korišćeni oblici konstrukcije objekata zaštićenog prostora na teritoriji Srbije. Analizirana su dva objekta tunel tipa, 9 x 58m and 8 x 25m pokrivena dvostrukom PE folijom i dva blok objekta takođe pokrivena dvostrukom PE folijom. Jedan od blok objekata je bio dvobrodni 2 x 7 m širine i 39 m dužine. Drugi blok objekat je bio 20 x 6.4 m širok i 42 m dug. Rezultati pokazuju da blok objekti imaju nižu specifičnu potrošnju energije u odnosu na objekte tunel tipa. Blok objekti su, samim tim, pokazali i najbolji stepen iskorišćenja energije. Najniža energetska efikasnost je zabeležena za najmanji tunel (8 x 25 m).
Abstract
In this paper influence of greenhouses' structure was estimated for four different double plastic covered greenhouses in winter lettuce production. Plastic coverings are introduced as mean of making this kind of plant production more efficient. Also, as a mean of lowering energy consumption, the tunnel structures are proposed. Four different double plastic covered greenhouses were used for energy analysis. Two tunnel types, 9 x 58m and 8 x 25m covered with double PE folia, and two gutter connected plastic covered greenhouses. One greenhouse is 2 x 7 m wide and 39 m long and the other 20 x 6.4 m wide and 42 m long. Results have shown the lowest energy consumption for gutter connected greenhouses. Energy out/in ratio was also higher in gutter connected greenhouse. Highest energy consumption was obtained in tunnel greenhouse 8 x 25m.
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