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2016, vol. 21, br. 42, str. 91-98
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Efekti primjene biofertilizatora na mikrofloru i prinos zelene salate (Lactuca sativa L.)
Effects of the application of biofertilizers on the microflora and yield of lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.)
aPoljoprivredni institut Republike Srpske, Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina bInstitut za urbanizam, građevinarstvo i ekologiju Republike Srpske,Save Banja Luka, Bosna i Hercegovina cUniverzitet Privredna akademija u Novom Sadu, Fakultet za ekonomiju i inženjerski menadžment - FIMEK, Srbija
e-adresa: zoricagolic@gmail.com
Sažetak
Biofertilizacija se u novije vrijeme preporučuje kao alternativa ili dopuna mineralnim hranivima. Aktivni činioci u biofertilizaciji su mikroorganizmi koji svojom aktivnošću učestvuju u pripremanju biljnih asimilativa i drugih biotičkih materija za potrebe biljaka. U ovom istraživanju ispitan je uticaj biopreparata 'Bioaktiv' na prinos zelene salate i mikrofloru rizosfere salate. Bioaktiv sadrži aktivnu materiju koju čine sledeći mikroorganizmi: Bacillus subtilis, Azotobacter sp., Penicillium oxalicum i Fusarium sp. U uzorcima zemljišta koji su uzeti iz rizosfere biljaka određen je ukupan broj bakterija, amonifikatora (ukupan i sporogeni), oligonitrofila, gljiva i aktinomiceta. Ukupan broj bakterija, amonifikatora, oligonitrofila, azotobaktera i aktinomiceta se povećao u zemljištu u varijanti sa biofertilizatorom u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu, dok je broj gljiva manji u odnosu na kontrolnu varijantu. Primena ovog biopreparata je uticala na ranije formiranje glavice salate i veći ukupan prinos.
Abstract
Recently, biofertilizers are recommended as an alternative or supplement for mineral nutritients. Active agents in biofertilizers are microorganisms that are involved with their activity in the preparation of herbal assimilative and other biotic substances for plant needs. In this study, the influence of Bioaktiv bioproduct on the lettuce yield and rhizosphere microflora of lettuce was tested. 'Bioaktiv' contains the active substance consisting of following microorganisms: Bacillus subtilis, Azobacter sp., Penicillium oxalicum and Fusarium sp. In the tested soil samples of lettuce rhizosphere, the total number of bacteria, Azotobacter sp., ammonifiers, oligonitrophyls, actinomycetes and fungi were determined. The total number of bacteria, Azotobacter sp., ammonifiers, oligonitrophyls, actinomycetes was increased while the number of fungi in the variant with biofertilizer was slightly lower than in the control variant. The application of this bioproduct affected on earlier formation of the lettuce head and overall higher yield.
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