2014, vol. 42, br. 1, str. 53-58
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Tetranihidne grinje na povrtarskim kulturama u plastenicima u južnom dijelu Crne Gore
Tetranychid mites on vegetable crops in greenhouses in southern part of Montenegro
Sažetak
Grinje iz familije Tetranychidae su veoma značajne štetočine gajenih biljaka. Na povrtarskim kulturama prave štete na otvorenom polju i u zaštićenom prostoru. Najznačajnije proizvodno područje gdje se u Crnoj Gori uzgaja povrće je zetsko- bjelopavlićka ravnica i primorje. Proizvodnja se odvija na otvorenom i u zaštićenom prostoru (plastenici). Najviše se gaje paradajz, paprika i krastavac, a na primorju i plavi patlidžan. S obzirom da je u periodu od 2009. do 2011. godine konstatovano prisustvo tetranihidnih grinja u plastenicima u kojima se gaji povrće na području zetsko- bjelopavlićke ravnice, cilj rada je bio da se u 2012. godini utvrdi njihovo prisustvo i rasprostranjenost na povrtarskim kulturama na širem području južnog dijela Crne Gore. Vizuelnim pregledima, na području Zete i Bjelopavlića, obuhvaćeno je ukupno osam lokaliteta (po četiri u svakom), i četiri na primorju. Pregledi povrtarskih kultura vršeni su od kraja maja do oktobra u intervalima od 15 do 20 dana. Tokom istraživanja utvrđeno je prisustvo običnog paučinara Tetranychus urticae Koch. i karminastog paučinara Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd. na cijelom posmatranom području. Početak pojave obje vrste zabilježen je početkom juna, dok je u julu i avgustu utvrđeno značajnije povećanje njihove brojnosti. Tokom cijelog perioda praćenja, T. urticae je u svim lokalitetima bio najbrojniji na krastavcu, dok je T. cinnabarinus brojnošću i pričinjenim štetama bio najznačajniji za paradajz i plavi patlidžan.
Abstract
Spider mites from the family Tetranychidae are one of the most important polyphagous pests on vegetable crops in greenhouses. The main vegetable production areas in Montenegro are zetsko-bjelopavlićka plain and the seacoast, where production is placed in the open field and greenhouses. The predominantly grown greenhouse vegetables are tomato, pepper and cucumber, and also aubergine on the seacoast. The aim of this survey was to identify the presence and distribution of spider mites of the family Tetranychidae on vegetable crops in greenhouses and damages they cause. Regarding presence of tetranychid mites was recorded from 2009 to 2011 in area of zetsko-bjelopavlićka plain, the aim of this survey was to detect its presence and distribution in southern part of Montenegro. In 2012 visual inspection of vegetables in greenhouses were done. In zetsko- bjelopavlićka plain eight localities in total were checked (four in both areas), as well four localities along the seacoast. Visual inspections on presence of tetranychid mites were repeated in 15-20 days intervals in period from end of May until October. During period of this survey two tetranychid species were found: the two spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. and the carmine spider mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus Boisd. The earliest symptoms of mites presence were recorded in all localities in the beginning of June, and in July and August increasing of population growth. During monitoring period T. urticae was detected as the most abundant on cucumber in all localities while, according abundance and damages which caused, T. cinnabarinus was the most important for tomato and aubergine.
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