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2011, vol. 56, iss. 3, pp. 197-205
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Management of stem borers on some quality protein maize varieties
Upravljanje bušačima stabljike na nekim sortama kvalitetnog proteinskog kukuruza
Department of Crop Protection, Institute for Agricultural Research, Ahmadu Bello University, Zaria, Nigeria
email: luciusb11@gmail.com
Keywords: QPM; stem borers; Furadan 3G; windows; deadhearts; tunnels; tunnel length; exit holes
Ključne reči: QPM; bušači stabljike; Furadan 3G; izgrizeni listovi; osušeni vegetativni pupoljci; hodnici; dužina hodnika; izlazni otvori
Abstract
Four Quality Protein Maize (QPM) varieties: Dent, Sakatifu, Flint, Sammaz 14 and TZEE (Local Check) were evaluated for their response to stem borers. Furadan 3G was applied at the rate of 20 kg/ha at planting for the control of the stem borers. The stem borers damage was assessed by determining the number of leaves with 'windows' and plants with 'deadhearts'. The number of exit holes and tunnels on the stem were also determined and the tunnel length measured. Varieties Dent and Sakatifu had more windows, deadhearts, exit holes, tunnels and longer tunnel lengths than varieties Flint and Sammaz 14. The Furadan treatment reduced the borers infestation and increased the yield of the QPM varieties. Varieties Sakatifu and Dent were found to be more susceptible with tunnel lengths of 8.17 and 5.53 cm respectively. Sammaz 14 and Flint were found to be more tolerant to the stem borers infestation and gave the best yields of 3.19 and 2.95 tons/hectare respectively which were not significantly different from TZEE (check).
Sažetak
U radu su ocenjivane reakcije četiri sorte kvalitetnog proteinskog kukuruza (QPM): Dent, Sakatifu, Flint, Sammaz 14 i TZEE (kontrolna sorta) na bušače stabljike. Prilikom sadnje primenjeno je 20 kg/ha Furadana 3G radi kontrole bušača stabljike. Šteta koju su pričinili bušači stabljike je procenjena određivanjem broja listova sa 'otvorima' i biljaka sa 'osušenim vegetativnim pupoljcima'. Utvrđen je broj izlaznih otvora i hodnika na stabljici i izmerena je dužina hodnika. Sorte Dent i Sakatifu su imale više otvora, osušenih vegetativnih pupoljaka, izlaznih otvora, hodnika i duže hodnike nego sorte Flint i Sammaz 14. Tretiranje Furadanom je smanjilo zarazu uzrokovanu bušačima i povećalo prinos QPM sorti. Sorte Sakatifu i Dent su bile osetljivije sa hodnicima dužine od 8,17 cm odnosno 5,53 cm. Sammaz 14 i Flint su bile tolerantnije na zarazu i dale su najbolje prinose od 3,19 odnosno 2,95 tona/hektaru koji se nisu značajno razlikovali od TZEE (kontrola).
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